
Control measure
Treatment: Corrosive materials
Control measure knowledge
This control measure should be read in conjunction with National Operational Guidance: Environmental Protection - Treatment
Neutralisation is a chemical method of making a spill less corrosive by applying a second material that will chemically react with the original to form a less harmful substance. The most common example is applying a base or alkali to an acid spill to form a neutral ‘salt’.
Firefighters should not assume that the salt produced by neutralisation is safe. These salts, while no longer presenting a corrosive hazard, can have other hazards (for example, they may be toxic or explosive).
The major advantage of neutralisation is the significant reduction of harmful vapours being given off. In some cases, the corrosive material can be rendered harmless and disposed of at much lower cost and effort. However, during the initial phases of combining an acid and a base, a tremendous amount of energy may be generated along with toxic and flammable vapours.
When a decision has been made to neutralise a spill, consideration should be given to the type of neutralising agent that will be used. Certain neutralising agents produce less heat when reacting and some materials are more environmentally friendly than others; the key concern is biodegradability. Environment agencies should be consulted prior to any neutralisation tactics being implemented.
Strategic actions
Consider appropriate arrangements for the provision and use of suitable and sufficient corrosive materials neutralising agents
Tactical actions
Attempt to neutralise any release or spill of corrosive materials based on specialist advice
Contact and liaise with product specialists to find out if the 'salt' of the corrosive substance from neutralisation will retain or develop further hazards
Consult environment agencies before carrying out any neutralisation
Control and confine the spill to prevent run-off after application of the neutralising agent
Ensure there is sufficient neutralising agent on-scene to complete the process
Apply the neutralising agent from the outermost edge inward, thereby protecting responders
TRAINING SPECIFICATION
Knowledge and understanding
Control measure element | Learning outcome |
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Treat corrosive materials |
Understand:
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Practical application
Control measure element | Learning outcome |
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Treat corrosive materials |
Demonstrate the ability to:
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- Control measureContainment: Corrosive materials
- Control measureDilution: Corrosive materials