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Consideration should be given to identifying the path of the stack from the source of the fire to the final vent point using thermal imaging equipment. The need for safe working at height...

Thatched roofs are designed to repel water, making traditional firefighting tactics ineffective. Consider creating firebreaks and using water sprays to protect unaffected sections and removing...

The disposal of polluting materials, including fire water run-off, may be an appropriate action to take for an incident, especially if containment is not feasible. The method used for disposal...

If major air pollution occurs at an incident, the environmental agencies and public health organisations will set up an air quality cell. This will include other organisations, including the...

Some emergency incidents may warrant gaining access or entry by force (sometimes referred to as forced entry or forcible entry) without the consent of the owner, occupier or responsible person...

This control measure should be read in conjunction with Personal protective equipment   Respiratory protective equipment (RPE) is a type of personal protective equipment designed to...

A fire within a tunnel may contain a wide variety of vehicles including cars and trains, hazardous and structural materials which will be directly contributing to its growth and...

Accessing concealed spaces is carried out to: Identify potential breaches to cavities or adjoining cavities Assist with checking for hot spots that may reignite A thorough check...

This hazard provides information about an increase in or a lack of control of ventilation, for information regarding fire development or fire loading, please refer to Fire and thermal...

Establishing control over ventilation should form a key part of the overall incident plan; any uncontrolled or unplanned movement of smoke and hot fire gases can increase the potential for...

Fixed installations may include: Facilities for firefighters Fire protection - Fire detection and alarm Suppression Smoke control There are many other fixed installation...

Understanding the impact of fire or firefighting, and the signs of collapse, on the various types of structural elements and structural frames should assist in dealing with fires in...

Removing materials from properties may be necessary to gain access, protect egress and ensure a fire has been extinguished. Large volumes of materials may cause external areas to become...

The definition of tall buildings used in regulations varies by location. However, fire and rescue services, and other agencies, may adopt different terms for tall buildings based on their risk...

Preplanning Changing evacuation strategy during an incident involving flats will be difficult, time consuming and resource intensive, the available time may be limited, and the building...

The exact tactics used when it has been identified that a buildings design is not behaving as expected will be determined by the nature of the failure, operational objectives and other...

Understanding the type of basement, size, number of storeys and the firefighting facilities present is critical when dealing with fires in basements. Given the unpredictable nature of fires in...

A building that appears to only be on the ground floor from the outside may contain a mezzanine, gallery or raised storage areas; this information should be gathered from available...

Floor plan information should provide details on the current use of the open-plan layout. Firefighting activity should consider the potential for extensive and rapid fire and smoke...

Smoke may travel via the atrium to the floors unaffected by fire; escape routes on those floors may need to be protected. Water applied at high levels within an atrium during firefighting...