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Sewage from industrial and domestic premises is normally discharged via foul or combined sewer systems to a sewage treatment works (STW). Once at the facility, the sewage is passed through physical,...

Most industrial or commercial sites will discharge their sewage to a STW operated by their local sewerage undertaker. All STW works discharge their treated effluent into the water environment. Some...

Control measure element Learning outcome Roles Understand: That the ambulance on-scene commander will direct and co-ordinate the casualty management plan (CMP) to deliver...

Roadside treatment and pollution prevention devices include: Oil separators Sediment traps Filter drains Ponds – balancing and retention Containment devices Wetlands ...

Control measure element Learning outcome Information or intelligence Understand: That dependent upon credible information or intelligence, commanders may need to consider the...

Sewage and sewerage Sewage is the wastewater carried in sewers, sewerage is the network of pipes and sewers which carries the sewage to a sewage treatment works (STW). The fire and rescue service...

Control measure element Learning outcome JESIP principles Understand: That the JESIP principles are essential as the foundation for responding to a terrorist attack That the...

The environmental agencies’ pollution control function and regulation have various facets. Waste The agencies are responsible for: Setting consistent standards for waste management...

Fire control personnel may receive calls from or about people with burns. This may include calls where a person’s clothing has caught fire and immediate guidance is needed to extinguish the...

This control measure should be read in conjunction with Share information with other agencies: People at risk   The advice that fire control personnel give to callers about...

Control measure element Learning outcome Casualty management plan Understand: That the ambulance service will approve the casualty management plan (CMP) to save life That a...

There are no defences to the duty to prevent environmental damage, but there are some defences to a notification of liability to remediate damage which include: The emission or event was...

It is an offence to discharge polluting material into a sewer without a consent, see Drainage systems for more information. This is because polluting material can: Affect the sewage treatment...

The emergencies and additional functions orders cover duties such as the requirement to respond to CBRN(e) events, including: The Fire and Rescue Services (Emergencies) (England) Order The...

Why it is important to protect the water environment All living things need water to live. Rivers and lakes are fragile ecosystems that depend on water to be non-toxic, clear and containing...

Pollutants contained in fire water and wash waters, or released following a spill, will usually enter the water environment via surface or foul water drainage systems, unless action is taken to...

The principles of containment apply to all wash water where this is reasonably practicable. The nature and amount of contaminants need to be identified so that the wash water can be correctly treated...

The Water Industry Act, Water Industry (Scotland) Act and The Water and Sewerage Services (Northern Ireland) Order defines any wastewater produced in the course of a trade or industry carried out at...

Urban roads are usually kerbed and drained using gullies. Rural roads, including motorways, will employ a variety of drainage systems depending upon: The volume and quality of the run-off ...

Discharge to receiving waters Road run-off will be discharged either to surface waters or to groundwater. Surface water After passing through appropriate treatment systems, run-off may be...